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J.J. Hardy’s (odd) struggles against lefties

Monday, April 5th, 2010

J.J. Hardy emerged as one of Major League Baseball’s top-hitting middle infielders from 2007 to 2008 when he hit .280/.333/.470 with 50 home runs over the two seasons. Hardy was also rated as one of the top defensive shortstops in baseball over that period.

In 2009, however, Hardy’s offensive numbers dropped off the planet. His batting average plummeted to .229, he reached base at a paltry .302 clip, and he hit only 11 home runs before being demoted to triple-A in favor of top prospect Alcides Escobar, who remains the Brewers’ starting shortstop.

Hardy told reporters in February that 2009 was the most miserable year of his baseball career — high school, college and minor leagues included. He pressed all season, never felt fully comfortable, and wasn’t having any fun.

“Mentally, I was really hard on myself,” Hardy said in February. “I felt like if I had a decent day, a 2-for-4 or 1-for-3, I wasn’t happy. I just came to the ball park every day in a bad mood.

“I felt like no matter what I did, even if it was a good day, I just wasn’t happy with it. I’m definitely going to learn from that and have a little bit more fun.”
So what went wrong last year? And what is Hardy doing to fix it?

For starters, against right-handed pitching last season, Hardy swung and missed at significantly more sliders than in 2007-2008 (16.4% whiffs, as opposed to 11.9% between ’07-’08), especially sliders thrown out of the strike zone. This is a typical symptom of pressing, and it can happen to anyone (see: Cuddyer, Michael), but sliders weren’t Hardy’s only issues.

Hardy’s main problems in 2009 actually stem from struggles against left-handed pitching, which is odd because Hardy is right-handed, and he generally crushes lefties.

1.) In 2007, Hardy posted a .950 OPS against lefties, followed by a .977 clip in 2008. But in 2009, Hardy’s OPS against lefties dipped all the way to .539.

2.) Hardy rarely hit line drives off left-handed pitching in ’09 (8%, as opposed to 21% in ’08), but instead hit an abnormally high amount of grounders off lefties (54%, as opposed to 39% in ’08).

What gives?

“I had a lot of bad habits,” Hardy said on Saturday.

“I just took a ton of bad swings last year. It’s hard to get into the mechanical stuff, but just taking correct swings, lots of correct swings. That’s basically what it takes is just a lot of good swings to get rid of the bad habits.”

This spring, Hardy has spent a considerable amount of time studying tape and working with hitting coach Joe Vavra to correct some mechanical flaws in his swing.

“I couldn’t (drive the ball to opposite field) with where my hands were. There was a lot of adjustments I’ve made this spring training, and I feel pretty good about it.”

It’s extremely rare when a hitter fares worse against opposite-handed pitching like Hardy did in 2009. Assuming he has indeed pinpointed the mechanical flaws, it would be extremely surprising if Hardy didn’t turn the tide against lefties in 2010.

2010 MLB Predictions

Saturday, April 3rd, 2010

Earlier this offseason, CHONE and Baseball Prospectus released their projected standings for the 2010 MLB regular season, and both have the Twins winning the division.

CHONE and Baseball Prospectus are just two of many projection systems, but they tend to be the most credible from year to year. Baseball Prospectus famously predicted the Rays’ rise to relevance before the 2008 season when hardly anybody else had them on the radar.

In 2009, CHONE had the Yankees, Indians and Angels winning their respective American League divisions, with the Red Sox earning a wild card berth. CHONE also had the Phillies, Cubs and Dodgers winning the NL divisions, with the Braves earning the wild card.

CHONE obviously whiffed on the Twins and Cardinals last year, who both won their divisions, but it nailed the Braves, who won 86 games (even though Atlanta missed the playoffs). Colorado wound up catching fire and earning the NL wild card slot.

Now, obviously, projecting baseball standings can be an inexact science, because injuries and various unforeseen productivity issues almost always pop up. But ultimately, CHONE and Baseball Prospectus are pretty solid over the long run. That said, a team like Colorado or Minnesota will sneak out a few extra wins from time to time.

With all of that said, here’s what CHONE and Baseball Prospectus predict for the 2010 season:

CHONE

AL East: Yankees (96 wins)
AL Central: Twins (85 wins)
AL West: Rangers (86 wins)
AL wild card: Red Sox (93 wins)

NL East: Braves (89 wins)
NL Central: Cardinals (91 wins)
NL West: Dodgers/Rockies tie (83 wins)
NL wild card: Phillies (87 wins)

* CHONE also has the White Sox and the Tigers finishing below .500, with the Indians finishing 2nd in the AL Central at 81-81. The Rays are slated to win 88 games, but miss the playoffs.

Baseball Prospectus

AL East: Red Sox (96 wins)
AL Central: Twins (81 wins)
AL West: Rangers/A’s tie (83 wins)
AL wild card: Yankees/Rays tie (91 wins)

NL East: Phillies (90 wins)
NL Central: Cardinals (88 wins)
NL West: Rockies (86 wins)
NL wild card: Braves (86 wins)

* Prospectus clearly sees the American League as very “middle of the road.” In fact, these are all very conservative predictions for some reason. The biggest surprise is probably the A’s emerging as AL West contenders.

My Predictions

AL East: Yankees (96 wins)

The AL East, once again, will house three of the best teams in baseball between the Yankees, Red Sox and Rays. These are all playoff-worthy teams, but the Yankees have “mystique,” cool pinstripes, and Derek Jeter. So I’ll pick them.

AL Central: Twins (89 wins)

The reason CHONE and Baseball Prospectus have the Twins winning only 85 and/or 81 games (but still winning the division) is because they probably don’t trust the starting pitching. Valid argument, but I firmly believe Francisco Liriano, Scott Baker and Kevin Slowey are in line for very solid seasons. Call me an optimist. The lineup speaks for itself.

AL West: Rangers (86 wins)

Seattle is the team to watch for the next few years, but the Rangers look like the team to beat in 2010. Texas’ offense will certainly mash, assuming Josh Hamilton, Ian Kinsler (who will miss most of April) and Nelson Cruz stay healthy. Also watch out for potential young studs 1B Chris Davis, SS Elvis Andrus, and CF Julio Borbon. The starting pitching after Rich Harden leaves a little something to be desired, but scoring 800+ runs on offense should help.

AL wild card: Rays (90 wins)

The Red Sox will be awesome too, but I have a sneaky feeling about the Rays. They play fantastic defense, draw a ton of walks, hit for a ton of power, and have some lively young arms. The Rays’ chances of outlasting Boston and/or New York likely rides on how well David Price, Wade Davis, and Rafael Soriano can pitch. I love all three.

NL East: Braves (87 wins)

The Phillies’ bullpen and bottom of the rotation make me nervous. Roy Halladay and Cole Hamels will keep Philly in contention all year, along with one of the better lineups in baseball, but the Braves are the under-the-radar team to watch here. With SP Tommy Hanson and OF Jason Heyward, Atlanta has the 2nd-best pitching prospect and top hitting prospect ready to roll from opening day. A memorable send-off for Bobby Cox?

NL Central: Cardinals (90 wins)

The gambler in me wants to pick the Cubs, but with Chris Carpenter and Adam Wainwright spinning gems at the top of the rotation, St. Louis is a tough beat. Not to mention a heart of the lineup that includes Albert Pujols, Matt Holliday, Colby Rasmus and Ryan Ludwick — easily 110-130 HRs right there. Not to mention, the Cardinals’ bullpen leads the majors in “beard thickness”…

NL West: Rockies (86 wins)

Is there a more anonymous team in baseball than the Colorado Rockies? A far cry from the mid-90′s days of Dante Bichette, Andres Gallarraga, Larry Walker, etc. The difference here, besides a humidor and fewer moon shots, is pitching. The Rockies’ pitching staff finished 5th in the league last year in FIP (Fielding Independent Pitching, similar to ERA), and they allowed the 5th-fewest amount of home runs. Missing Huston Street for a month (shoulder) will hurt, but the Rockies will score a ton of runs anyways.

NL wild card: Phillies (86 wins)

The Dodgers, Marlins, Cubs and Giants should hang around deep into the season, but the Phillies have too much offensive firepower to go along with Halladay and Hamels. Would love to see what they can do in the playoffs once again.

Twins and stats

Thursday, April 1st, 2010

Oh, hey there… It’s been a while.

I jumped ship to AM 1500 (soon to be 1500 ESPN Twin Cities on April 12) about two weeks ago, and I’ve been trying to find a balance between doing a noon-2 show with Patrick Reusse, planning for the launch of the 1500 ESPN website, and maintaining MNPokerMag and Minnesota State Poker Tour momentum.

Over the last couple weeks, you may or may not have read Parker Hageman’s Q & A with Twins assistant GM Rob Antony regarding the Twins and statistical analysis. If you haven’t, do so, and also read Aaron Gleeman’s level-headed analysis of the situation.

In the Q & A with Hageman, Antony acknowledges his (and the organization’s) incredible lack of knowledge in the world of modern statistical analysis, but he does say the Twins have hired someone to dip into sabermetrics. Despite their success over the last 10 years or so, the Twins are at a huge disadvantage to almost every team in baseball by not keeping up with the wOBAs, BABIPs, FIPs, UZRs, wRCs, WARs, etc. of the world.

In February and March of 2009, I actually had a few lengthy off-the-record conversations with Antony regarding statistical analysis. He even allowed me to sit down in his Fort Myers office last spring training to go over the player projection database I created, which was driven heavily by BABIPs and FIP-related numbers.

I can tell you this… The Twins began internal discussions about sabermetrics before LAST season, which leads me to believe the acquisitions of Orlando Hudson, Jim Thome and J.J. Hardy are no fluke, while the departure of Orlando Cabrera (despite what some short-sighted Twins fans believe) was likely not a tear-filled goodbye.

Or maybe it’s just pure coincidence…

Am I disappointed that the Twins waited so long to jump on a bandwagon that nearly every other team in baseball has already jumped on? Yes. But they certainly bought themselves time over the years by winning division titles.

The Twins are late to the party for sure, but assuming they do genuinely dive into some of the saber-driven stuff, it will only make them a better organization.

Uh oh…

Tuesday, March 9th, 2010

With Joe Nathan tearing his UCL and likely headed for Tommy John surgery, a Twins season that once looked as promising as any over the last two decades now appears to be in limbo.

Nathan is among the top three closers in baseball over the last five years (Mariano Rivera, Jonathan Papelbon), and replacing him will be a difficult task for Ron Gardenhire.

Of course, I would argue that the closer role is the most ridiculous, meaningless, and over-valued position in all of sports, but most Major League Baseball teams are still caught up in the baseball cultural pressure to pay one person $10 million per season to hold a 3-run lead.

Ideally, the best bullpen strategy would be to have a core group of anywhere between two and four relief pitchers (at least one lefty) who can mix and match, depending on lefty/righty and other match-up factors, from the 7th inning on.

In fact, there are numerous times throughout the season where a manager will summon an inferior relief pitcher (like Bobby Keppel) in a crucial situation in the 7th or 8th inning, only to see the game implode. But because baseball culture says to ONLY bring closers in for the 9th inning, it’s sacrilege to do anything different.

For more on this, Joe Sheehan wrote an amazing article three years ago that details a late-inning situation between the Indians and Tigers (if this is subscription-based, I apologize).

Anyhow, because Ron Gardenhire is highly unlikely to deviate from the baseball cultural norm, we should probably start looking at the Twins’ new closer candidates.

I’m sure over the next few weeks you’ll hear baseball talking heads discuss how “mental toughness” is the most important factor when it comes to closing. Mental toughness is obviously important if you are a closer, but mental toughness is also critical in any sport at any position that requires a player to operate under pressure.

The problem is that measuring mental toughness is almost impossible. For instance, how “mentally tough” is Brad Lidge? He can be the best closer in baseball one year, then completely melt down the next. What about Jonathan Papelbon? Regarded as one of the best closers in baseball over the last three years, but he blew a huge save in the playoffs last year.

The first step to picking out a closer is to find a guy whose skillset matches that of previously successful closers. THEN we’ll worry about mental toughness after that.

James Bond might be the most mentally tough fictional person in the world, but I doubt he can blow a fastball by Kevin Youkilis with runners in scoring position…

Let’s take a peak:

Traits of top closers, historically:

1.) Ability to limit home runs. Generally, if a relief pitcher is allowing more than .8 home runs per 9 innings, he’s much more likely to blow saves. End of story. There are almost no exceptions to this rule.

2.) Strikeout-to-walk ratio. Mariano Rivera is the king of K/BB ratio (8:1 over the last two years, which is ridiculous). Anything over 2.5:1 is pretty solid, generally speaking. Joe Nathan was almost always over 4:1.

3.) High K totals. Most of the top closers in baseball also strike out at least 8 or 9 batters per nine innings. Of course, there are some exceptions, although some would argue Ryan Franklin’s 2009 season was somewhat “fluky.” When pitching in “high leverage” situations, where even one extra base runner can drastically alter the result of a one or two-run game in the 9th inning, having a closer that avoids contact is essential.

4.) There are other isolated traits, such as pitchers who induce a ton of ground balls, but quite frankly, I don’t want my closer pitching to contact. That opens too many doors for bad luck to creep in. I want my closer to strike people out.

Some folks might ask about trading for somebody outside the organization, but the Twins are highly unlikely to add salary.

So who is the best in-house option for the Twins? Let’s break it down.

* First of all, knowing Gardenhire, we can eliminate Anthony Slama, Rob Delaney, Loek Van Mil, and any other young pitcher who may be worth considering. Gardy is grizzled. He wants “experience.”

Matt Guerrier? Guerrier had an awesome 2009 season, posting a 2.36 ERA and his lowest walk rate (1.89 BB/9) ever. But Guerrier doesn’t tally very many strikeouts (never more than 6.96 per 9 innings), and he historically allows WAY too many HRs to be a closer (22 over the last two years, in fewer than 150 innings).

Jesse Crain? Talk about an enigma. Crain was dubbed as the closer-in-waiting back in 2004-2005… But we’re still waiting… Crain was actually pretty solid down the stretch last year, but his control is WAY too sporadic, and he still doesn’t strike out enough batters for my taste to be an adequate closer. Crain does a nice job limiting home runs (only 13 allowed since 2006), but I don’t see him as a good fit to close.

Pat Neshek? Maybe if this was 2007… But Neshek is coming off serious surgery of his own. Let’s give him a couple months before thrusting him into the closer role. Unless he goes lights out throughout the spring… Then maybe.

Jose Mijares? Without a doubt, one of the most talented relievers in the organization. He has a track record of high strikeout numbers, and his control certainly isn’t terrible. And he’s likely to improve entering his second full season. But there are two problems with making Mijares the new closer. 1.) He’s prone to giving up home runs, and this stems from his early minor league days as well. 2.) He’s projected as the only lefty in the Twins bullpen. If that’s the case, it wouldn’t make sense to save him for the 9th inning. As the only lefty, Mijares is much more valuable as a “roamer” between the 6th and 9th innings.

Jon Rauch? Rauch actually closed for the Nationals in 2008, saving 18 games. He has “experience,” which helps his case with Gardy, and his peripheral numbers have been pretty solid over the last few years — good control (fewer than 3 BB/9 over the last three years), and decent K numbers, but not spectacular (anywhere between 6.3 and 8.5 K/9). Unfortunately, Rauch can definitely fall victim to the long ball from time to time, although not nearly as often as Guerrier.

Francisco Liriano? Fits the bill, but would much rather see him in the starting rotation.

Others? Clay Condrey? Lowest strikeout totals of any reliever in baseball over the last two years, but he induces a ton of ground balls. Not a terrible option, especially with a solid infield defense. Glen Perkins? May actually land a roster spot with Nathan out, but still way too many question marks with injury and productivity to be considered as a closer. Brian Duensing, Anthony Swarzak, Jeff Manship? Highly unlikely. Although one of these guys may land a bullpen role as a result of the open roster spot.

My rankings, based on the above tidbits and “gut” feeling, I guess:

1.) Jon Rauch
2.) Jose Mijares
3.) Pat Neshek
4.) Matt Guerrier
5.) Jesse Crain
6.) Slama/Delaney/etc… Somebody young and new.

Twins talk on Fox 9 web show

Monday, March 1st, 2010

Seth Stohs, Seth Kaplan and myself talked Twins baseball on the Fox 9 web show earlier today. It was Fox 9′s version of an awkward “Seth Sandwich”…

The show is broken into five parts:

Stream of consciousness: Batting average < BABIP (and friends)

Wednesday, February 24th, 2010

I just spent the better part of two weeks in casino/poker-land up at Grand Casino Mille Lacs for the Minnesota State Poker Tour event, but with baseball season quickly approaching, I’m now in the process of dusting off the old sabermetric thinking cap.

Sort of.

As I mentioned a few months ago, I will no longer be doing player projections, nor will I be offering ridiculously in-depth sabermetric articles like I did in the past. It’s simply too time consuming.

But for everyone looking to gain an edge in their fantasy baseball leagues, or for people just looking for more interesting and accurate ways of predicting how players will perform, let me point you in the right direction.

BABIP. And BABIP’s offspring, LDBABIP, GBBABIP, and FBBABIP. (and BABIP’s step-son, BuntBABIP).

BABIP is “Batting Average on Balls In Play,” which is basically defined as “any batted ball.” LD, GB and FB are line drives, ground balls, and fly balls.

By now, the majority of MLB front offices pay close attention to stats like BABIP and its effects on offensive numbers (and in a pitcher’s case, how “lucky” or “unlucky” he is).

Why is BABIP important? Because it weeds out strikeouts and walks, which are both hitter skillsets that affect on base percentage and batting average, and tells you how often a hitter successfully reaches base when he makes contact. It also helps us pinpoint exactly what may have gone right or wrong for any particular hitter.

Let’s use Nick Punto as an example. Punto’s batting average and overall value as a hitter seem to fluctuate every other year. He was solid in 2006, terrible in 2007, solid in 2008, terrible in 2009, etc. Some people might suggest Punto is “due” in 2010, based on his “odd year/even year” track record. This is obviously laughable. His odd/even year pattern is a complete fluke.

A hitter of Punto’s skillset — slap-type hitter with speed and very little warning-track power — will historically see 27-29% of his ground balls go through for base hits, 13-16% of his fly balls drop for hits, and 69-73% of his line drives fall for hits.

In 2006, which was Punto’s breakout year offensively (.290 batting average), he saw 28% of his ground balls go for hits, 18% of his flies drop for hits, and 71% of his line drives drop in. His overall BABIP was .332, which is above league average.

In 2007, only 23% of Punto’s ground balls seeped through, along with 14% of his flies and 58% of his line drives. He finished the season with a .210 batting average.

Punto’s 2008 BABIP numbers were nearly identical to his 2006 numbers, and his average rose to .284 as a result.

In 2009, Punto’s batting average dropped back down to .228, so it comes as no surprise that only 20% of his ground balls went through for hits, along with 11% of his flies. 78% of his line drives fell in, which is actually quite fortunate, but not enough to make up for his low GBBABIP and FBBABIPs.

Does this all make sense? BABIP, walk rate, and strikeout rate are all connected on a string to form on base percentage.

In 2009, Nick Punto drew more walks (14%) and had more line drives fall in for hits (78%) than at any point in his entire career! This should have translated to a fantastic (for Punto, anyways) offensive season, but it didn’t.

So why did Punto have such a hard time buying base hits on ground balls and fly balls compared to league average and compared to his track record? To be honest, I really have no idea. Maybe he was hitting fewer HARD ground balls and more choppers. He certainly wasn’t hitting more pop-ups (8.6%, which is lower than his 11% career rate).

Where am I going with all of this? Really, nowhere. I just wanted to point out that you can find awesome information like this at websites like Baseball-Reference.com and Fangraphs.com.

In a perfect world, Nick Punto should reach base on 27% of his grounders, 14% of his flies, and 72% of his line drives, which would put his overall BABIP at about .325. Assuming a “normalized” strikeout rate, Punto should be a .270-.275ish hitter who draws a ton of walks.

I actually had a conversation with an MLB exec about this exact topic last offseason. We talked about Nick Swisher’s abysmal .219 batting average with the White Sox in 2008. I came to the conclusion that Swisher’s dropoff in productivity was due ENTIRELY to only 15% of his ground balls trickling through for hits. This is UNREALISTICALLY low for any player, even for a masher like Swisher who only sees 21% of grounders seep through during his career.

Of course, Swisher saw 20% of his ground balls go through for hits in 2009, which brought his batting average back to .249, where it belongs.

So did the White Sox not realize this? Why did they sell low on Swisher? Or did they simply dislike Swisher’s weird facial hair choices?

I don’t necessarily know WHY only 15% of Swisher’s ground balls went through for hits in 2008. That’s for a hitting coach to decide I guess.

But analyzing BABIP is fun. You should try it sometime.

Nick Punto Day

Thursday, February 11th, 2010

Today is Nick Punto Day. But because I’ve been swamped with preparations for the Minnesota State Poker Tour event at Grand Casino Mille Lacs this coming week, I didn’t have time to pump out an intense breakdown of Nick Punto’s WAR (or lack thereof).

Instead, I leave you with this…

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